PythonZen

Keywords	Description	Example	Tutorial
import this
if __name__ = "__main__"	An idiom that is used if we want to make sure that certain code is executed only when it is directly run from the main program. __name__ is a special-built-in variable. (Represents the main python program)
Everything entity we work on in Python is an instance of a class.	Data-types, Classes, functions, modules	Object Hierarchy !Coding/Python/attachments/Screenshot 2025-07-29 at 12.47.56.png
Indentation	Indentation improves readability. Statements like if, for, while, def, class are followed by a colon. This means the start of a code block needs to be indented.	Code inside the same block belongs to performs code inside that block only.
else clause inside loops.	This is unrelated to conditional logic. It is related to no-break clause.
List comprehension	Unique way of creating loops, list and conditional in one line.
Multiple Assignment & Tuple unpacking	A way of assigning multiple variables on a single line of code.
Dynamic and strong typing	Don't need to declare a variable type explicitly. Variable type is determined at runtime
Duck Typing	Does not constraints object by type and allows to declare different methods .
pass	Tells the program to do nothing. Can be declared as a placeholder
First class functions	First-class functions allow functions to be used as a list, variable and used as arguments in other functions.
Function closure	A closure is a function object that can use information from other functions/objects that enclose it.
args & kwargs	2 special syntax that allows the user to place an arbitrary number of arguments or inputs in functions. args = Arbitrary positional arguments: Allows a function to take an arbitrary number of inputs. kwargs = Arbitrary Keyword arguments : Inputs are key-value pairs	args kwargs
Walrus Operator	Assignment Expression: Allows to assign values within a variable
Decorators	A way to enhancing functions without altering its code. Used in functions, classes and methods. Commonly used for timing, caching , and validation.		here
with and Context Managers	Context Managers in Python act as a tool of resource management. It implements 2 special functions: - __enter__ which setup the resources - __exit__ which handles cleanup
Global Intrepreter Lock	A Mutual-exclusion lock: This states only one thread can access a part of a program at a time.

Frameworks