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Network Config

As a penetration tester, one of the essential skills is configuring and managing network settings on Linux systems.
One of the primary tasks in network configuration is managing network interfaces.

Network Access Control

Another vital component of network configuration is network access control (NAC). *As penetration testers, we need to be well-versed in how NAC can enhance network security and the various technologies available. * Key NAC models include:

Type Description
Discretionary Access Control (DAC) This model allows the owner of the resource to set permissions for who can access it.
Mandatory Access Control (MAC) Permissions are enforced by the operating system, not the owner of the resource, making it more secure but less flexible.
Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) Permissions are assigned based on roles within an organization, making it easier to manage user privileges.
Security NAC policies:

Configuring Network Interfaces

To list all the network interfaces we use the ifconfig or ip commands.

Activate Network Interface:
sudo ifconfig eth0 up #standard
#or
sudo ip link set eth0 up
Assign IP Address to an Interface
sudo ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.2
Set netmask
sudo ifconfig eth0 netmask 255.255.255.0

Ensuring that the default gateway is set correctly is important, as incorrect configuration can lead to connectivity issues, we can use the route command with the add option.

Assign the Route to an Interface
sudo route add default gw 192.168.1.1 eth0

NOTE:
 Proper DNS configuration is crucial for enabling devices to access websites, online services, and other networked resources. Without correctly configured DNS servers, devices may experience issues such as the inability to resolve domain names, leading to network connectivity problems.
 
 On Linux systems, this can be achieved by updating the /etc/resolv.conf file, which is a simple text file containing the system’s DNS information. By adding the appropriate DNS server addresses (Google's public DNS - 8.8.8.8 or 8.8.4.4), the system can correctly resolve domain names to IP addresses, ensuring smooth communication over the network.

Edit DNS settings:
sudo vim /etc/resolv.conf

/etc/resolv.conf

nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4

It’s important to note that changes made directly to the /etc/resolv.conf file are not persistent across reboots or network configuration changes. This is because the file may be automatically overwritten by network management services like NetworkManager or systemd-resolved.

Editing Interfaces

sudo vim /etc/network/interfaces

This will open the interfaces file in the vim editor. We can add the network configuration settings to the file like this:

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static 
  address 192.168.1.2  
  netmask 255.255.255.0 
  gateway 192.168.1.1  
  dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4
Restart Networking Service
sudo systemctl restart networking
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